He Kupu Whakataki ki ngā Polyolefin me te Whakaputa Kiriata
Ko ngā polyolefin, he momo rauemi macromolecular i hangaia mai i ngā monomer olefin pēnei i te ethylene me te propylene, ko ngā kirihou e tino whānuitia ana te hanga me te whakamahi puta noa i te ao. Ko tō rātou rongonuitanga i ahu mai i te huinga tino pai o ngā āhuatanga, tae atu ki te utu iti, te tino pai o te tukatuka, te pumau matū tino pai, me ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana ka taea te whakarite. I roto i ngā whakamahinga kanorau o ngā polyolefin, he tūranga nui ngā hua kiriata, e mahi ana i ngā mahi nui i roto i te takai kai, ngā uhi ahuwhenua, te takai ahumahi, ngā hua hauora me te akuaku, me ngā taonga kaihoko o ia rā. Ko ngā kapia polyolefin e whakamahia ana mō te hanga kiriata ko te polyethylene (PE) - tae atu ki te Linear Low-Density Polyethylene (LLDPE), te Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE), me te High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) - me te polypropylene (PP).
Ko te hanga kiriata polyolefin e whakawhirinaki ana ki te hangarau extrusion, ko te Blown Film Extrusion me te Cast Film Extrusion ngā tukanga matua e rua.
1. Tukanga Whakaputa Kiriata Pupuhi
Ko te whakaputanga kiriata pupuhi tētahi o ngā tikanga tino rongonui mō te hanga kiriata polyolefin. Ko te kaupapa matua ko te whakaputanga i tētahi polymer rewa ki runga mā roto i tētahi mate porowhita, ka hanga he parison ngongo angiangi. Muri iho, ka whakaurua te hau kōpeke ki roto i tēnei parison, ka pupuhi hei mirumiru he nui ake te diameter i tērā o te mate. I te pikinga ake o te mirumiru, ka whakamataohia, ka whakapakeketia e tētahi mowhiti hau o waho. Kātahi ka pakaru te mirumiru whakamatao e tētahi huinga roera nip (he maha ngā wā mā roto i tētahi anga hinga, i tētahi anga-A rānei) ā, muri iho ka tōia e ngā roera kukume i mua i te takai ki runga i tētahi roera. Ko te tikanga o te tukanga kiriata pupuhi ka puta he kiriata he aronga biaxial, ko te tikanga he taurite pai o ngā āhuatanga miihini i roto i te ahunga mīhini (MD) me te ahunga whakawhiti (TD), pērā i te kaha kume, te ātete haehae, me te kaha pānga. Ka taea te whakahaere i te matotoru o te kiriata me ngā āhuatanga miihini mā te whakarerekē i te ōwehenga pupuhi (BUR – ōwehenga o te diameter mirumiru ki te diameter mate) me te ōwehenga kukume-iho (DDR – ōwehenga o te tere tango ki te tere whakaputanga).
2. Tukanga Whakaputa Kiriata Maka
Ko te whakaputa kiriata whakarewa tētahi atu tukanga whakaputa nui mō ngā kiriata polyolefin, he mea tino pai mō te hanga kiriata e hiahia ana ki ngā āhuatanga whatu pai rawa atu (hei tauira, te māramatanga teitei, te kanapa teitei) me te matotoru ōrite pai. I roto i tēnei tukanga, ka whakaputahia te polymer rewa ki waho i roto i tētahi mate-T papatahi, momo-mowhiti, ka hanga he tukutuku rewa ōrite. Kātahi ka tere te kukume i tēnei tukutuku ki runga i te mata o tētahi, neke atu rānei o ngā rōra whakamatao tere-tere, kua whakamataohia i roto. Ka tere te totoka o te rewa ina pā ki te mata rōra makariri. Ko ngā kiriata whakarewa he āhuatanga whatu pai rawa atu, he ngawari te ahua, ā, he pai te hiri wera. Mā te whakahaere tika i te āputa ngutu mate, te pāmahana rōra whakamatao, me te tere hurihuri ka taea te whakahaere tika i te matotoru o te kiriata me te kounga o te mata.
Ngā Wero Tino Pai e 6 mō te Whakaputa Kiriata Polyolefin
Ahakoa te pakari o te hangarau whakaputa, he maha ngā wā ka tūtaki ngā kaihanga ki ngā uauatanga tukatuka i roto i te hanga mahi o ngā kiriata polyolefin, inā koa i te whai kia nui te putanga, kia whai hua, kia angiangi ake ngā ine, me te whakamahi i ngā kapia hou mahi-teitei. Kāore ēnei take e pā noa ki te pumau o te hanga engari ka pā tika hoki ki te kounga me te utu o te hua whakamutunga. Ko ngā wero matua ko:
1. Pakaru Rewa (Kīnaki Mangō): Ko tētahi tēnei o ngā hapa tino kitea i roto i te whakaputanga kiriata polyolefin. Mā te tirohanga whānui, ka puta mai i ngā ngaru whakawhiti ā-wā, i te mata taratara koretake rānei i runga i te kiriata, i ngā wā kino rānei, he hapa nui ake. Ka puta te pakaru rewa ina nui ake te tere kutikuti o te rewa polymer e puta ana i te mate i tētahi uara nui, ka hua ake he wiri piri-paheke i waenga i te pakitara mate me te rewa papatipu, ina nui ake rānei te ahotea toronga i te putanga mate i te kaha rewa. Ka tino whakararu tēnei hapa i ngā āhuatanga whatu o te kiriata (te mārama, te kanapa), te maeneene o te mata, ā, ka taea hoki te whakaiti i ōna āhuatanga miihini me te ārai.
2. Te Para o te Mate / Te Puranga o te Mate: E pā ana tēnei ki te puranga āta haere o ngā hua pirau polymer, ngā wāhanga iti te taumaha ngota, ngā tāpiringa kāore i te marara pai (hei tauira, ngā tae, ngā kaihoko ārai-pūmau, ngā kaihoko paheke), ngā tiēre rānei mai i te kapia i ngā taha ngutu o te mate, i roto rānei i te kōhao o te mate. Ka taea e ēnei putunga te wehe i te wā e hangaia ana, ka poke te mata o te kiriata, ka puta he hapa pērā i ngā tiēre, ngā rārangi, ngā karawarawa rānei, ā, ka pā ki te āhua me te kounga o te hua. I ngā wā tino kino, ka taea e te puranga o te mate te aukati i te putanga o te mate, ka puta he rerekētanga o te ine, he haehae kiriata, ā, i te mutunga ka aukatia te raina whakaputa mō te horoi i te mate, ka puta he ngaronga nui o te pai o te whakaputa me te moumou rauemi mata.
3. Te Pēhanga Nui me te Hurihuri o te Pehanga: I raro i ētahi āhuatanga, inā koa i te tukatuka i ngā kapia matotoru-teitei, i te whakamahi rānei i ngā āputa iti ake o te mate, ka tino teitei te pēhanga i roto i te pūnaha whakaputa (ina koa i te pane o te whakaputa me te mate). Ehara i te mea ka whakanui noa te pēhanga nui i te whakapaunga pūngao engari ka tūpono hoki ki te roa o te ora o ngā taputapu (hei tauira, te tīwiri, te oko, te mate) me te haumaru. Hei tāpiri, ko ngā huringa kore pumau o te pēhanga whakaputa ka puta tika mai ngā rerekētanga o te putanga rewa, ka hua ake te matotoru o te kiriata kāore i te ōrite.
4. Te Whakaiti i te Huarahi Mahi: Hei ārai, hei whakaiti rānei i ngā take pēnei i te pakaru rewa me te hanga o te mate, he maha ngā wā ka akiakihia ngā kaihanga ki te whakaiti i te tere o te tīwiri extruder, ā, ka whakawhāiti i te putanga o te raina whakaputa. Ka pā tika tēnei ki te whai huatanga o te whakaputa me te utu hanga mō ia waeine o te hua, ka uaua ai te whakatutuki i ngā hiahia o te mākete mō ngā kiriata nui, iti te utu.
5. Te Uauatanga ki te Whakahaere Ine: Ko te kore pumau o te rere rewa, te tohatoha pāmahana kore-taurite puta noa i te mate, me te hanga mate ka whai wāhi katoa ki ngā rerekētanga o te matotoru o te kiriata, i te taha whakarara me te taha roa. Ka pā tēnei ki te mahi tukatuka o muri mai o te kiriata me ngā āhuatanga o te whakamahinga whakamutunga.
6. Te Whakawhiti Resin Uaua: Ina whakawhiti i waenga i ngā momo, i ngā momo rānei o ngā resin polyolefin rerekē, ina huri rānei i te tae o ngā puranga matua, he uaua te tango katoa i ngā rauemi toenga mai i te oma o mua mai i te extruder me te mate. Ka hua ake tēnei i te hanumitanga o ngā rauemi tawhito me ngā rauemi hou, ka puta he rauemi whakawhiti, ka roa ake ngā wā whakawhiti, ka piki ake hoki ngā tere para.
Ko ēnei wero tukatuka noa e aukati ana i ngā mahi a ngā kaihanga kiriata polyolefin ki te whakarei ake i te kounga hua me te whai huatanga o te whakaputa, ā, he arai hoki ki te tango rauemi hou me ngā tikanga tukatuka matatau. Nō reira, he mea nui te rapu otinga whai hua hei whakakore i ēnei wero mō te whanaketanga pumau me te hauora o te umanga whakaputa kiriata polyolefin katoa.
Ngā Otinga mō te Tukanga Whakaputa Kiriata Polyolefin: Ngā Āwhina Tukatuka Polymer (PPA)
Ko ngā Āwhina Tukatuka Pūmua (PPA) he tāpiri mahi e hāngai ana ki te whakapai ake i te whanonga rheological o ngā rewa pūmua i te wā e whakaputahia ana, me te whakarerekē i tā rātou taunekeneke ki ngā mata taputapu, kia taea ai te whakakore i ngā uauatanga tukatuka me te whakarei ake i te pai o te whakaputa me te kounga o te hua.
1. Ngā PPA e hangai ana ki te Fluoropolymer
Hanganga Matū me ngā Āhuatanga: Koinei te akomanga PPA e whakamahia whānuitia ana, e pakari ana i te taha hangarau, ā, e kitea ana te whai hua. Ko te nuinga o te wā he homopolymers, he copolymers rānei i ahu mai i ngā monomers fluoroolefin pērā i te vinylidene fluoride (VDF), te hexafluoropropylene (HFP), me te tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), ko ngā fluoroelastomers te mea tino tohu. He nui ngā mekameka ngota o ēnei PPA i ngā hononga CF kaha-here teitei, iti-polarity, e whakarato ana i ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana-matū ahurei: he tino iti te kaha mata (he rite ki te polytetrafluoroethylene/Teflon®), he tino pumau te wera, me te koretake o te matū. He mea nui, ko ngā PPA fluoropolymer he iti te hototahitanga ki ngā matrices polyolefin kore-polar (pēnei i te PE, PP). Ko tēnei kore-hototahitanga he whakaritenga matua mō tā rātou hekenga whai hua ki ngā mata whakarewa o te mate, ka hangaia he paninga hinu hihiri.
Ngā Hua Māngai: Ko ngā waitohu matua i te mākete o te ao mō ngā PPA fluoropolymer ko te raupapa Viton™ FreeFlow™ a Chemours me te raupapa Dynamar™ a 3M, e whai wāhi nui ana ki te mākete. Hei tāpiri, ko ētahi momo fluoropolymer mai i Arkema (raupapa Kynar®) me Solvay (Tecnoflon®) e whakamahia ana hei wāhanga matua rānei i roto i ngā hanganga PPA.
2. Ngā Āwhina Tukatuka Hanga-Hiraka (PPA)
Hanganga Matū me ngā Āhuatanga: Ko ngā wāhanga matua o tēnei akomanga o ngā PPA ko ngā polysiloxanes, e mōhiotia whānuitia ana ko ngā silicones. Ko te tuara polysiloxane he mea hanga mai i ngā ngota silicon me te hāora (-Si-O-), me ngā rōpū rauropi (te nuinga o te methyl) e piri ana ki ngā ngota silicon. Nā tēnei hanganga ngota ahurei ka whakawhiwhia ngā rauemi silicone ki te iti rawa o te kukū mata, te pumau wera pai, te ngāwari pai, me ngā āhuatanga kore-piri ki te maha o ngā matū. He rite ki ngā PPA fluoropolymer, ka mahi ngā PPA e ahu mai ana i te silicone mā te heke ki ngā mata whakarewa o ngā taputapu tukatuka hei hanga i tētahi paparanga hinu.
Ngā Āhuatanga Taupānga: Ahakoa ko ngā PPA fluoropolymer te nuinga o te rāngai whakaputa kiriata polyolefin, tera pea ka whakaatuhia e ngā PPA e ahu mai ana i te silicone he painga ahurei, he pānga mahi tahi rānei ina whakamahia i roto i ngā horopaki tono motuhake, i te taha rānei o ngā pūnaha kapia motuhake. Hei tauira, ka whakaarohia pea ēnei mō ngā tono e hiahia ana ki ngā tauwehenga waku tino iti, i ngā wāhi rānei e hiahiatia ana he āhuatanga mata motuhake mō te hua whakamutunga.
Kei te pāngia koe e ngā aukati fluoropolymer, ngā wero tuku PTFE rānei?
Whakaotia ngā wero o te tangohanga kiriata Polyolefin me ngā otinga PPA kore-PFAS-Ngā tāpiringa pūmua kore-hauora a SILIKE
He huarahi matatau tā SILIKE ki te whakamahi i ana hua raupapa SILIMER, e tuku ana i ngā hua auahaNgā āwhina tukatuka pūmua kore-PFAS (PPAs)). Kei roto i tēnei raina hua whānui he 100% ngā PPA kore-PFAS parakore,ngā tāpiringa polima PPA kore-hauora, meNgā puranga matua PPA kore-PFAS me te kore-fluorine.Nāte whakakore i te hiahia mō ngā tāpiringa fluorine, mā ēnei tukatuka ka tino whakarei ake i te tukanga hanga mō te LLDPE, LDPE, HDPE, mLLDPE, PP, me ngā tukanga whakaputa kiriata polyolefin. Ka rite ki ngā ture taiao hou, me te whakanui ake i te pai o te whakaputa, te whakaiti i te wā kore mahi, me te whakapai ake i te kounga hua whānui. Ka kawea mai e ngā PPA kore-PFAS a SILIKE he painga ki te hua whakamutunga, tae atu ki te whakakore i te pakaru rewa (kiri mango), te maeneene ake, me te kounga mata pai ake.
Mena kei te raru koe i te pānga o te aukati i te fluoropolymer, te korenga rānei o te PTFE i roto i ō tukanga whakaputanga polymer, ka tukuna e SILIKEngā huarahi kē atu ki ngā PPA/PTFE fluoropolymer, Ngā tāpiringa kore-PFAS mō te hanga kiriatahe mea whakarite kia tutuki ai ō hiahia, kāore he huringa tukanga e hiahiatia ana.
Wā tuku: Mei-15-2025
